Table 2.
Pathological characteristics and treatment regimens stratified by complement activation index (CAI).
| Variable | Total (n=157) |
Low CAI (Score 0–1) (n=88) |
High CAI (Score 2–3) (n=69) |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oxford (MEST) classification, n (%) | ||||
| M1 | 55 (35.0) | 24 (27.3) | 31 (44.9) | 0.026 |
| E1 | 99 (63.1) | 56 (63.6) | 43 (62.3) | 0.865 |
| S1 | 152 (96.8) | 84 (95.5) | 68 (98.6) | 0.401 |
| T category | 0.009 | |||
| T0 | 119 (75.8) | 75 (85.2) | 44 (63.8) | |
| T1 | 31 (19.7) | 11 (12.5) | 20 (29.0) | |
| T2 | 7 (4.5) | 2 (2.3) | 5 (7.3) | |
| Immunofluorescence, n (%) | ||||
| IgG deposition | 0.899 | |||
| 0 | 128 (81.5) | 73 (83.0) | 55 (79.7) | |
| 1+ | 22 (14.0) | 11 (12.5) | 11 (15.9) | |
| 2+ | 7 (4.5) | 4 (4.6) | 3 (4.4) | |
| IgA deposition | 0.774 | |||
| 1+ | 3 (1.9) | 2 (2.3) | 1 (1.5) | |
| 2+ | 118 (75.2) | 64 (72.7) | 54 (78.3) | |
| 3+ | 36 (22.9) | 22 (25.0) | 14 (20.3) | |
| IgM deposition | 0.116 | |||
| 0 | 96 (61.2) | 59 (67.1) | 37 (53.6) | |
| 1+ | 52 (33.1) | 23 (26.1) | 29 (42.0) | |
| 2+ | 9 (5.7) | 6 (6.8) | 3 (4.4) | |
| C3 deposition | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 20 (12.7) | 19 (21.6) | 1 (1.5) | |
| 1+ | 31 (19.8) | 27 (30.7) | 4 (5.8) | |
| 2+ | 92 (58.6) | 36 (40.9) | 56 (81.2) | |
| 3+ | 14 (8.9) | 6 (6.8) | 8 (11.6) | |
| C1q positive (≥1+) | 3 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.3) | 0.081 |
| Treatment, n (%) | ||||
| Baseline CRRT | 3 (1.9) | 2 (2.3) | 1 (1.5) | 1.000 |
| Medications, n (%) | ||||
| ARB/ACEI | 99 (63.1) |
62 (70.5) | 37 (53.6) | 0.029 |
| SGLT2 inhibitor | 18 (11.5) | 14 (15.9) | 4 (5.8) | 0.081 |
| Methylprednisolone pulse | 88 (56.1) | 44 (50.0) | 44 (63.8) | 0.106 |
| Prednisone | 143 (91.1) | 80 (90.9) | 63 (91.3) | 1.000 |
| NEFECON | 10 (6.4) | 6 (6.8) | 4 (5.8) | 1.000 |
| Mycophenolate mofetil | 56 (35.7) | 32 (36.4) | 24 (34.8) | 0.870 |
| Cyclophosphamide | 14 (8.9) | 5 (5.7) | 9 (13.0) | 0.151 |
| Rituximab | 3 (1.9) | 2 (2.3) | 1 (1.5) | 1.000 |
| Other immunosuppressant | 11 (7.0) | 6 (6.8) | 5 (7.3) | 1.000 |
P values: categorical variables compared with the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. ARB/ACEI, angiotensin receptor blocker/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; SGLT2, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2; NEFECON, targeted-release budesonide; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy.
Nominal P values are shown. FDR-adjusted Q values for all baseline comparisons are provided in Supplementary Table 3. The differences in M1 lesions and ARB/ACEI use were nominally significant but did not remain significant after Benjamini–Hochberg correction.