3.

Emission spectra of (a) N2/O2 gas–liquid mixed spark plasma and (d) total feed gas flows of 50, 100, and 350 mL/min. Nitrite/nitrate concentration in the solution of (b) different oxygen ratios; (c) total feed gas flow; (e) different input voltages; and (f) different concentration of OH– in the solution. (g) Gas–liquid mixed spark-discharge images.