Table 1.
Characteristics of participants by accelerated aging
| Variable | Total (n = 8327) |
Accelerated Aging (n = 3585) |
Non-accelerated aging (n = 4742) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) | 2.08 ± 1.45 | 2.14 ± 1.47 | 2.04 ± 1.44 | < 0.01 |
| Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) | 0.05 | |||
| 0 | 1081 (13.0) | 442 (12.3) | 639 (13.5) | |
| 1 | 2089 (25.1) | 861 (24.0) | 1228 (25.9) | |
| 2 | 2342 (28.1) | 1016 (28.3) | 1326 (28.0) | |
| 3 | 1458 (17.5) | 647 (18.1) | 811 (17.1) | |
| ≥4 | 1357 (16.3) | 619 (17.3) | 738 (15.6) | |
| Biological age (years) | 58.84 ± 9.97 | 62.39 ± 9.53 | 56.16 ± 9.44 | < 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 59.38 ± 9.22 | 59.12 ± 9.06 | 59.58 ± 9.35 | 0.02 |
| Age (years) | 0.08 | |||
| 45–59 | 4499 (54.0) | 1977 (55.2) | 2522 (53.2) | |
| 60–79 | 3627 (43.6) | 1533 (42.8) | 2094 (44.2) | |
| ≥80 | 201 (2.4) | 75 (2.1) | 126 (2.7) | |
| Sex | < 0.001 | |||
| Male | 3836 (46.1) | 2064 (57.6) | 1772 (37.4) | |
| Female | 4491 (53.9) | 1521 (42.4) | 2970 (62.6) | |
| Ethnicity | < 0.001 | |||
| Han | 7674 (92.2) | 3251 (90.7) | 4423 (93.3) | |
| Others | 580 (7.0) | 296 (8.3) | 284 (6.0) | |
| Missing | 73 (0.9) | 38 (1.1) | 35 (0.7) | |
| Marital status | 0.19 | |||
| Non-Married | 993 (11.9) | 408 (11.4) | 585 (12.3) | |
| Married | 7334 (88.1) | 3177 (88.6) | 4157 (87.7) | |
| Educational level | < 0.001 | |||
| Elementary school and below | 5942 (71.4) | 2452 (68.4) | 3490 (73.6) | |
| High school | 2295 (27.6) | 1091 (30.4) | 1204 (25.4) | |
| College and higher | 88 (1.1) | 41 (1.1) | 47 (1.0) | |
| Missing | 2 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | |
| Place of residence | < 0.001 | |||
| Rural | 5579 (67.0) | 2301 (64.2) | 3278 (69.1) | |
| Urban | 2748 (33.0) | 1284 (35.8) | 1464 (30.9) | |
| Body mass index status | < 0.001 | |||
| Underweight | 534 (6.4) | 164 (4.6) | 370 (7.8) | |
| Normal | 5083 (61.0) | 1966 (54.8) | 3117 (65.7) | |
| Overweight | 2168 (26.0) | 1162 (32.4) | 1006 (21.2) | |
| Obese | 403 (4.8) | 227 (6.3) | 176 (3.7) | |
| Missing | 139 (1.7) | 66 (1.8) | 73 (1.5) | |
| Smoking | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 5095 (61.2) | 1905 (53.1) | 3190 (67.3) | |
| Yes | 3224 (38.7) | 1677 (46.8) | 1547 (32.6) | |
| Missing | 8 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) | |
| Alcohol consumption | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 5589 (67.1) | 2239 (62.5) | 3350 (70.7) | |
| Yes | 2731 (32.8) | 1343 (37.5) | 1388 (29.3) | |
| Missing | 7 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 4 (0.1) | |
| Sleep duration at night (hours) | 0.17 | |||
| ≤6 | 4181 (50.2) | 1766 (49.3) | 2415 (50.9) | |
| 6–8 | 1608 (19.3) | 714 (19.9) | 894 (18.9) | |
| ≥8 | 2408 (28.9) | 1057 (29.5) | 1351 (28.5) | |
| Missing | 130 (1.6) | 48 (1.3) | 82 (1.7) | |
| Sleep duration at noon (minutes) | 0.06 | |||
| <30 | 4623 (55.5) | 1954 (54.5) | 2669 (56.3) | |
| ≥30 | 3623 (43.5) | 1603 (44.7) | 2020 (42.6) | |
| Missing | 81 (1.0) | 28 (0.8) | 53 (1.1) | |
| Hypertension | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 6150 (73.9) | 2251 (62.8) | 3899 (82.2) | |
| Yes | 2118 (25.4) | 1314 (36.7) | 804 (17.0) | |
| Missing | 59 (0.7) | 20 (0.6) | 39 (0.8) | |
| Diabetes mellitus (DM) | < 0.001 | |||
| No | 7758 (93.2) | 3227 (90.0) | 4531 (95.6) | |
| Yes | 474 (5.7) | 316 (8.8) | 158 (3.3) | |
| Missing | 95 (1.1) | 42 (1.2) | 53 (1.1) | |
| Cancer | 0.22 | |||
| No | 8216 (98.7) | 3546 (98.9) | 4670 (98.5) | |
| Yes | 63 (0.8) | 21 (0.6) | 42 (0.9) | |
| Missing | 48 (0.6) | 18 (0.5) | 30 (0.6) | |
| Cardiovascular disease (CVD) | 0.08 | |||
| No | 7223 (86.7) | 3079 (85.9) | 4144 (87.4) | |
| Yes | 1084 (13.0) | 499 (13.9) | 585 (12.3) | |
| Missing | 20 (0.2) | 7 (0.2) | 13 (0.3) |
Among the 8327 participants, the amount of missing values for the covariates were 2 (0.02%) for educational level, 73 (0.9%) for ethnicity, 139 (1.7%) for BMI status, 8 (0.1%) for smoke, 7 (0.8%) for alcohol, 59 (0.7%) for hypertension, 95 (1.1%) for diabetes mellitus, 48 (0.6%) for cancer, 20 (0.2%) for cardiovascular disease, 130 (1.6%) for sleep duration at night, and 81 (1.0%) for Sleep duration at noon
“Others” in ethnicity refers to non-Han ethnic minority groups. Place of residence was classified as urban or rural according to the residence/community classification recorded in CHARLS. Values are actual sample sizes and unweighted percentages