Table 3.
Summary of major cost, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness results for the strategies assessed, 2004–2023*
| Total annual costs (US$ millions) | |||||
| Intervention | TB Treatment | AIDS Treatment, excluding ART | ART or TLTI | Total Annual Costs | Total Incremental Cost vs. Baseline Scenario |
| Baseline scenario† | 18.5 | 63.7 | 0.0 | 82.2 | N/A |
| Improve TB Detection Rate | 27.4 | 66.7 | 0.0 | 94.1 | 11.9 |
| Improve TB Cure Rate | 25.1 | 64.7 | 0.0 | 89.8 | 7.6 |
| Improve TB Cure Rate and Case Detection Rate | 26.9 | 67.3 | 0.0 | 94.2 | 12.0 |
| TLTI, 6 months | 18.3 | 63.7 | 0.7 | 82.8 | 0.6 |
| TLTI, Lifetime | 18.0 | 63.6 | 8.0 | 89.7 | 7.5 |
| ART, 50% dropout rate | 18.2 | 62.1 | 153 | 233 | 151 |
| ART, 20% dropout rate | 17.5 | 58.8 | 348 | 424 | 342 |
| ART, 5% dropout rate | 16.2 | 52.1 | 656 | 725 | 642 |
| ART to TB patients | 18.4 | 62.5 | 71.7 | 152.6 | 70.5 |
| Total annual effects‡ | |||||
| Intervention | DALYs Gained vs. Baseline Scenario | Deaths Averted vs. Baseline Scenario | TB Cases Averted vs. Baseline Scenario | ||
| Baseline scenario† | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| Improve TB Detection Rate | 551,184 | 26,015 | 59,436 | ||
| Improve TB Cure Rate | 220,939 | 10,087 | 43,378 | ||
| Improve TB Cure Rate and Case Detection Rate | 676,748 | 31,769 | 97,795 | ||
| TLTI, 6 months | 7,366 | 549 | 2,119 | ||
| TLTI, Lifetime | 20,178 | 2,075 | 5,480 | ||
| ART, 50% dropout rate | 585,232 | 7,390 | 4,025 | ||
| ART, 20% dropout rate | 834,071 | 23,794 | 12,183 | ||
| ART, 5% dropout rate | 1,205,912 | 56,872 | 27,446 | ||
| ART to TB patients | 152,604 | 5,089 | 1,126 | ||
| Cost-effectiveness (US$)§ | |||||
| Intervention | Cost per DALY Gained | Cost per Death Averted | Cost per TB Case Averted | ||
| Baseline scenario† | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||
| Improve TB Detection Rate | 21.6 | 458 | 201 | ||
| Improve TB Cure Rate | 34.3 | 752 | 175 | ||
| Improve TB Cure Rate and Case Detection Rate | 17.8 | 379 | 123 | ||
| TLTI, 6 months | 84.7 | 1,136 | 294 | ||
| TLTI, Lifetime | 373 | 3,630 | 1,374 | ||
| ART, 50% dropout rate | 258 | 20,461 | 37,569 | ||
| ART, 20% dropout rate | 410 | 14,370 | 28,064 | ||
| ART, 5% dropout rate | 533 | 11,294 | 23,403 | ||
| ART to TB patients | 462 | 13,846 | 62,578 | ||
*Total incremental costs and total incremental effects are average figures across the 20 year period that was considered. Trends over time are shown in the figures.
† The baseline scenario is defined as TB treatment only, with a case detection rate of 50% and a cure rate of 70%, and no TLTI or ART.
‡ In the baseline scenario there are an estimated 774,000 deaths per year and an estimated 225,000 TB cases per year
§Calculated as incremental costs divided by total incremental effects. Numbers are sometimes different to the total costs divided by total effects shown in the table due to rounding.