Fig. 7. Effects of riboflavin on arsenic-induced TM4 cytoskeletal proteins and the Bmp4/Bmpr1α pathway.

A Representative image of TM4 cells stained with H&E (Scale bars = 50 μm and 100 μm, n = 5). B, C Rhodamine phalloidin staining and statistical analysis to reveal the F-actin (red) in TM4 cells (Scale bars = 100 μm, n = 5). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). D, E Immunofluorescence staining and statistical analysis of Tubulin (green) protein in TM4 cells (Scale bars = 100 μm, n = 5). Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). F–K Western blotting analysis of the protein expression of Bmp4, Bmpr1α, Bmp4, Bmpr1α, Smad4, and Smad5, respectively (n = 3). Note: ***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01 and *P < 0.05 vs. the no treatment group; ^###P < 0.001, ^##P < 0.01 and ^#P < 0.05 vs. the 3 μM As₂O₃ group.