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. 2026 Sep 15;14:1896464. doi: 10.3389/fped.2026.1896464

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Figure 2

Four network diagrams display enriched IPA networks in HCA-Normoxia exposure versus control, each labeled by biological function, with nodes representing molecular entities and unique shapes, and a legend defining node types and relationship lines.Four labeled networks of interacting genes and proteins are displayed as node-link diagrams, each representing enriched pathways in No HCA-Hyperoxia versus No HCA-Normoxia exposure. Networks map cardiovascular, hereditary, immunological, and metabolic disease, cancer, cellular maintenance, and protein degradation. Node shapes represent molecular types such as enzymes, kinases, receptors, and others, with solid and dashed lines indicating relationships, supported by a legend describing each shape\x92s meaning.Four network diagrams display molecular interactions related to HCA-hyperoxia exposure: Network 1 focuses on vitamin and mineral metabolism; Network 2 on developmental disorder and organ injury; Network 3 on lipid metabolism; Network 4 on cardiovascular disease, with each node shape representing a specific molecule type and relationship lines distinguishing interactions. A legend describes node and line types for clear interpretation.

(A–C) represent the top four networks identified in each comparison group by ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software (QIAGEN Inc., https://www.qiagenbioinformatics.com/products/ingenuitypathway-analysis). (A) 1,225 probe sets differentially expressed with HCA–Normoxia exposure compared with the No HCA–Normoxia (control). (B) 546 probe sets differentially expressed with No HCA–Hyperoxia exposure compared with the No HCA–Normoxia (control). (C) 1,646 probe sets differentially expressed with sequential HCA–Hyperoxia exposure (double-hit) compared with the No HCA–Normoxia (control). Molecules colored red represent upregulation (increased measurement) and molecules in green represent downregulation (decreased measurement). The solid lines denote a direct relationship between the corresponding molecules, whereas the dashed lines indicate that the effect is mediated indirectly via one or more intermediate molecules or mechanisms.