Fig. 4.

QTL analysis and physical mapping of candidate genes across rice chromosomes. Upper panels on each chromosome show QTL mapping for seedling height across different chromosomes. The horizontal red dashed line indicates the LOD threshold (LOD = 3.0). Peaks above this threshold represent significant QTL regions. The lower panels on each chromosome display the physical positions of candidate genes identified within QTL intervals. Genes are categorized based on Gene Ontology annotations into molecular function, response to stress, and biological process, indicated by different colors