FIG. 3.

Effects of cell surface GAGs on receptor-independent HIV-1 particle attachment. Fluorescent, GFP-Vpr-labeled virions (20 ng of p24) bearing either HXB, ADA, or no envelope proteins were incubated with CHO-K1 or pgsA745 cells on coverslips at 4°C. After 1 h, the cells were washed, fixed, and stained with rhodamine-conjugated concanavalin A and Hoechst 33258 to reveal cellular architecture. (A) The images are a composite of those collected through the entire thickness of the cell monolayer and projected onto a two-dimensional plane. (B) The number of green fluorescent particles attached to at least four individual cells was counted; the means and standard deviations of these counts are shown.