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. 2026 Sep 16;6:1929035. doi: 10.3389/fddev.2026.1929035

FIGURE 2.

Infographic illustrating stages of heart disease progression, including pre-ischemic prevention, acute ischemia, reperfusion, myocardial infarction, subacute repair, post-infarction fibrosis, and chronic remodeling, with matching heart illustrations, experimental model types, establishment cues, supported inference, and supporting evidence depth ranging from high in rodent acute/subacute models to low in long-term or large-animal models.

Experimental disease contexts used to evaluate ROS-responsive cardiovascular biomaterials. The figure aligns biological disease chronology with pretreatment, acute transient ischemia-reperfusion, established MI, and chronic remodeling models. The separation between reperfused and non-reperfused injury emphasizes that these settings test different delivery and therapeutic questions. Evidence-depth indicators distinguish predominantly rodent studies from the limited ex vivo and large-animal evidence (Prepared with the assistance of Gemini NotebookLM pro and OpenAI ChatGPT Plus).