Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of critically ill patients with urosepsis stratified by tertiles of logLDAR.
| Characteristics | All patients (N = 3060) | Low tertile (N = 1020) | Moderate tertile (N = 1020) | High tertile (N = 1020) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDAR | 171 (317) | 62.4 (12.5) | 102 (13.8) | 348 (503) | 0.000 |
| logLDAR | 6.84 (1.03) | 5.93 (0.32) | 6.66 (0.19) | 7.93 (0.98) | 0.000 |
| Age | 70.5 (15.1) | 71.0 (14.7) | 71.6 (14.9) | 69.0 (15.5) | <0.001 |
| Gender: | 1329 (43.4%) | 445 (43.6%) | 454 (44.5%) | 430 (42.2%) | 0.556 |
| Race: | 1981 (64.7%) | 683 (67.0%) | 676 (66.3%) | 622 (61.0%) | 0.008 |
| Weight | 82.0 (26.0) | 82.1 (25.6) | 80.7 (25.2) | 83.3 (27.1) | 0.076 |
| HPY: | 1077 (35.2%) | 387 (37.9%) | 349 (34.2%) | 341 (33.4%) | 0.075 |
| AKI: | 1918 (62.7%) | 563 (55.2%) | 636 (62.4%) | 719 (70.5%) | <0.001 |
| CKD: | 889 (29.1%) | 299 (29.3%) | 306 (30.0%) | 284 (27.8%) | 0.548 |
| DM: | 1155 (37.7%) | 387 (37.9%) | 399 (39.1%) | 369 (36.2%) | 0.386 |
| HLD: | 1074 (35.1%) | 376 (36.9%) | 363 (35.6%) | 335 (32.8%) | 0.151 |
| HF: | 1201 (39.2%) | 371 (36.4%) | 428 (42.0%) | 402 (39.4%) | 0.035 |
| MI: | 316 (10.3%) | 55 (5.39%) | 110 (10.8%) | 151 (14.8%) | <0.001 |
| IHD: | 1126 (36.8%) | 326 (32.0%) | 392 (38.4%) | 408 (40.0%) | <0.001 |
| COPD: | 492 (16.1%) | 189 (18.5%) | 156 (15.3%) | 147 (14.4%) | 0.029 |
| SOFA | 6.90 (3.46) | 6.06 (3.12) | 6.71 (3.24) | 7.92 (3.72) | <0.001 |
| APSIII | 58.9 (21.1) | 54.1 (18.7) | 57.7 (19.8) | 65.0 (23.0) | <0.001 |
| SAPSII | 45.0 (13.4) | 42.5 (12.3) | 44.5 (12.7) | 48.2 (14.5) | <0.001 |
| OASIS | 36.0 (8.33) | 34.7 (7.94) | 36.0 (7.96) | 37.2 (8.88) | <0.001 |
| Charlson | 6.31 (2.91) | 6.19 (2.87) | 6.43 (2.82) | 6.31 (3.03) | 0.165 |
| APACHEII | 21.8 (7.00) | 20.5 (6.42) | 21.7 (6.85) | 23.2 (7.44) | <0.001 |
| HR | 91.5 (21.3) | 88.0 (20.4) | 91.4 (20.6) | 94.9 (22.2) | <0.001 |
| NBPS | 120 (25.8) | 123 (25.3) | 120 (25.6) | 118 (26.2) | <0.001 |
| NBPD | 67.6 (19.8) | 67.2 (19.3) | 67.6 (19.8) | 67.8 (20.3) | 0.788 |
| RR | 20.2 (6.39) | 19.6 (6.11) | 20.5 (6.71) | 20.5 (6.31) | 0.002 |
| Spo2 | 96.5 (4.68) | 96.8 (4.25) | 96.6 (4.14) | 96.1 (5.51) | 0.004 |
| HCT | 31.3 (6.64) | 31.4 (6.39) | 31.5 (6.69) | 31.1 (6.84) | 0.392 |
| Hb | 10.1 (2.20) | 10.1 (2.14) | 10.2 (2.22) | 10.1 (2.24) | 0.457 |
| PLT | 200 (117) | 205 (108) | 207 (119) | 189 (123) | 0.001 |
| RDW | 16.1 (2.61) | 15.8 (2.39) | 16.0 (2.54) | 16.4 (2.86) | <0.001 |
| RBC | 3.40 (0.78) | 3.42 (0.76) | 3.41 (0.77) | 3.37 (0.80) | 0.242 |
| WBC | 13.9 (14.8) | 12.2 (17.0) | 13.7 (10.3) | 15.7 (15.9) | <0.001 |
| ALB | 2.90 (0.62) | 3.20 (0.55) | 2.86 (0.57) | 2.65 (0.60) | <0.001 |
| GP | 15.7 (4.76) | 15.2 (4.34) | 15.4 (4.55) | 16.6 (5.23) | <0.001 |
| Ca | 8.26 (0.98) | 8.47 (0.94) | 8.24 (0.89) | 8.07 (1.07) | <0.001 |
| Cl | 104 (8.02) | 104 (7.64) | 104 (8.03) | 104 (8.38) | 0.233 |
| Glu | 133 (105,175) | 130 [102;166] | 133 [106;175] | 137 [106;187] | 0.004 |
| K | 4.23 (0.81) | 4.20 (0.74) | 4.15 (0.78) | 4.33 (0.88) | <0.001 |
| Na | 139 (6.86) | 138 (6.41) | 139 (6.96) | 138 (7.16) | 0.015 |
| CO2CP | 23.9 (6.55) | 24.6 (6.86) | 24.3 (6.36) | 22.7 (6.24) | <0.001 |
| LAC | 2.40 (1.99) | 1.89 (1.40) | 2.26 (1.67) | 3.04 (2.53) | <0.001 |
| PCO2 | 42.2 (12.7) | 43.1 (13.8) | 42.2 (12.3) | 41.2 (11.9) | 0.004 |
| PH | 7.35 (0.11) | 7.35 (0.10) | 7.36 (0.10) | 7.33 (0.11) | <0.001 |
| PO2 | 116 (95.3) | 115 (93.7) | 115 (94.1) | 118 (98.3) | 0.705 |
| INR | 1.40 [1.20;1.70] | 1.30 [1.10;1.70] | 1.40 [1.20;1.70] | 1.50 [1.20;1.90] | <0.001 |
| PT | 15.0 [13.0;18.9] | 14.4 [12.6;18.0] | 14.9 [12.9;18.4] | 15.9 [13.5;20.3] | <0.001 |
| PTT | 32.4 [27.8;41.2] | 31.1 [27.4;39.3] | 32.2 [27.5;40.8] | 33.9 [28.6;44.2] | <0.001 |
| ALT | 25.0 [15.0;53.0] | 18.0 [12.0;28.2] | 25.0 [15.0;47.0] | 44.0 [22.8;130] | <0.001 |
| AST | 39.0 [23.0;86.0] | 25.0 [18.0;39.2] | 37.0 [23.0;68.0] | 86.0 [42.0;258] | <0.001 |
| TB | 0.70 [0.40;1.40] | 0.50 [0.30;1.10] | 0.60 [0.40;1.40] | 0.90 [0.50;2.10] | <0.001 |
| CREA | 1.30 [0.80;2.20] | 1.20 [0.80;2.10] | 1.30 [0.80;2.10] | 1.40 [0.90;2.40] | <0.001 |
| UREA | 29.0 [18.0;49.0] | 27.0 [17.0;46.0] | 28.0 [17.0;49.0] | 32.0 [19.0;54.0] | <0.001 |
| LDH | 284 [214;409] | 198 [165;227] | 286 [242;333] | 510 [399;799] | 0.000 |
| SA: | 2052 (67.1%) | 610 (59.8%) | 689 (67.5%) | 753 (73.8%) | <0.001 |
| VP: | 1908 (62.4%) | 522 (51.2%) | 660 (64.7%) | 726 (71.2%) | <0.001 |
| GC: | 995 (32.5%) | 293 (28.7%) | 340 (33.3%) | 362 (35.5%) | 0.004 |
| Ventilation: | 2637 (86.2%) | 856 (83.9%) | 893 (87.5%) | 888 (87.1%) | 0.036 |
| CRRT: | 321 (10.5%) | 71 (6.96%) | 81 (7.94%) | 169 (16.6%) | <0.001 |
| Hosp day | 13.2 [7.59;23.2] | 12.2 [6.91;21.7] | 13.5 [7.80;22.8] | 14.2 [7.91;24.8] | 0.002 |
| ICU day | 3.97 [1.98;8.79] | 3.44 [1.82;7.59] | 4.04 [1.95;8.23] | 4.67 [2.32;10.2] | <0.001 |
| Hosp dead | 437 (14.3%) | 84 (8.24%) | 128 (12.5%) | 225 (22.1%) | <0.001 |
| ICU dead | 471 (15.4%) | 92 (9.02%) | 140 (13.7%) | 239 (23.4%) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as mean (SD), median [IQR], or n (%). P-values were calculated using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, chi-squared test, or Fisher’s exact test as appropriate. AKI, acute kidney injury; ALB, albumin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; APS III, Acute Physiology Score III; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; Ca, calcium; CI, confidence interval; CKD, chronic kidney disease; Cl, chloride; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CO2CP, total carbon dioxide combining power; CREA, creatinine; CRRT, continuous renal replacement therapy; DM, diabetes mellitus; GA, gap of anion; GC, glucocorticoid; Glu, glucose; Hb, hemoglobin; HCT, hematocrit; HF, heart failure; HLD, hyperlipidemia; HPY, hypertension; HR, heart rate; ICU, intensive care unit; IHD, ischemic heart disease; INR, international normalized ratio; K, potassium; LAC, lactate; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; MI, myocardial infarction; Na, sodium; NBPD, non-invasive blood pressure diastolic; NBPS, non-invasive blood pressure systolic; OASIS, Oxford Acute Severity of Illness Score; PCO2, partial pressure of carbon dioxide; PH, potential of hydrogen; PLT, platelet count; PO2, partial pressure of oxygen; PT, prothrombin time; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; RBC, red blood cell count; RDW, red cell distribution width; RR, respiratory rate; SA, sedation-analgesia; SAPS II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SpO2, oxygen saturation; TB, total bilirubin; UREA, urea; VP, vasopressor; WBC, white blood cell count.