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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Health. 2026 Feb 24;74(7):2031–2038. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2026.2630041

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Final model showing the association between perceived norms, outcome expectancies, and e-cigarette use. Note. The model controlled for age, gender, tobacco use, and cannabis vaping. Standardized coefficients are shown in the figure. *p < .05; ***p < .001.