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. 2026 Sep 17;17:1942050. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2026.1942050

Figure 2.

Five scientific data visualizations compare iron (Fe), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in iron plaque across FM and F treatments during the tillering, filling, and maturity stages, showing trends for four groups (CK, FA, HA, PT) and including correlation scatterplots for Fe versus As and Cd with regression equations and R-squared values.

Changes in Fe, Cd, and As concentrations in iron plaque (FeIP, CdIP, and AsIP) and their relationships under different water regimes and organic amendments during key rice growth stages. (a) FeIP, (b) CdIP, and (c) AsIP. Relationships between FeIP and CdIP/AsIP under (d) FM and (e) F conditions. FM, flooding–moisture alternation; F, continuous flooding. Values are means ± SD (n = 3). The error bars represent the SDs. Within each water regime and growth stage, differences among amendment treatments were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by the LSD test at a probability level of 0.05, and the corresponding significance labels are provided in Supplementary Figure S3. For panels (d, e), solid lines indicate fitted linear regressions, and R2 and p-values indicate the goodness of fit and statistical significance of the regression, respectively.