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. 2026 Sep 17;20:1850015. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2026.1850015

FIGURE 3.

This figure shows the effects of conditioned medium from K. pneumoniae-stimulated BV2 cells on HT22 neuronal cells. Panel A shows reduced cell viability over time. Panels B and C show EdU staining and quantification. Panels D and E show increased intracellular ROS levels. Panels F and G show flow cytometric analysis and quantification of oxidative stress-positive cells. Panels H and I show flow cytometric analysis and quantification of apoptotic cells. Statistical significance is indicated in the corresponding panels.

Conditioned medium from K. pneumoniae-stimulated BV2 cells induces neuronal dysfunction. (A) Reduced viability of HT22 neurons following treatment with conditioned medium. (B,C) Representative EdU staining (B) and quantification (C) showing decreased proliferation. (D,E) Increased intracellular ROS levels shown by fluorescence imaging (D) and quantification (E). (F,G) Flow cytometric analysis (F) and quantification (G) of oxidative stress-positive cells. (H,I) Flow cytometric analysis (H) and quantification (I) of apoptotic cells. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was determined as indicated in the corresponding panels (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001).