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. 2026 Oct 1. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1039/d6ra07673d

Table 2. R 2 and coefficient values for pH-sensitive hydrogels in the first-order, Higuchi, Hixson–Crowell, Korsmeyer–Peppas, and zero-order models.

First order Higuchi Hixson–Crowell Korsmeyer–Peppas Zero order Best fit model
R 2 R 2 R 2 n R 2 R 2
F1 0.9769 0.9163 0.9709 0.187 0.9268 0.8262 First order
F2 0.963 0.965 0.963 0.251 0.941 0.925 Higuchi
F3 0.9781 0.9779 0.9790 0.268 0.9613 0.9384 Hixson–Crowell
F4 0.7572 0.7867 0.8954 0.107 0.7339 0.6731 Hixson–Crowell
F5 0.8748 0.8704 0.9027 0.125 0.7728 0.8148 Hixson–Crowell
F6 0.8699 0.8788 0.8810 0.247 0.7601 0.8496 Hixson–Crowell
F7 0.1607 0.7417 0.8785 0.073 0.7627 0.5933 Hixson–Crowell
F8 0.1993 0.1132 0.9719 0.260 0.9659 0.9251 Hixson–Crowell
F9 0.8639 0.6086 0.8570 0.363 0.7143 0.6953 First order
F10 0.4572 0.8943 0.2633 0.250 0.8619 0.8030 Higuchi
F11 0.9530 0.9020 0.9745 0.182 0.8823 0.8151 Hixson–Crowell
F12 0.7515 0.1460 0.5624 0.264 0.8297 0.7623 Korsmeyer–Peppas
F13 0.3654 0.9195 0.0168 0.231 0.8935 0.8423 Higuchi
F14 0.5560 0.8029 0.9456 0.175 0.7944 0.6667 Hixson–Crowell
F15 0.9719 0.9039 0.9805 0.202 0.8862 0.8148 Hixson–Crowell