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. 2026 Sep 13;11(38):57830–57844. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.6c07048

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Distributions of ζ of AuNPs and AgNPs before (black lines) and after (red lines) functionalization with FITC. a) AuNPs-cit-l-cys and AuNPs-cit-l-cys-FITC (ζ = −40 ± 0,5 and −27 ± 0,7 mV); (b) AgNPs-cit-l-cys and AgNPs-cit-l-cys-FITC (ζ = −38 ± 1.6 and +19 ± 5 mV); (c) AuNPs-PEG and AuNPs-PEG-FITC (ζ = −32 ± 2.4 and −27 ± 2.3 mV); (d) AgNPs-PEG and AgNPs-PEG-FITC (ζ = −41,34 ± 0.65 and −22 ± 1 mV).