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. 2026 Sep 23;16(9):e122076. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2026-122076

Table 4. Dietary habits, physical activity status and container city living–related findings of the participants.

N %
Adequate and balanced nutrition Yes 309 54.9
No 254 45.1
Number of meals per day ≤2 337 59.9
≥3 226 40.1
Meal most frequently skipped Breakfast 152 27.0
Lunch 261 46.4
Dinner 51 9.1
No meal skipped 99 17.6
Regular breakfast consumption Yes 396 70.3
No 167 29.7
Eating speed Fast 131 23.3
Normal or slow 432 76.7
Frequent eating outside home Yes 86 15.3
No 477 84.7
Primary cooking method Frying 123 21.8
Sautéing 104 18.5
Boiling 152 27.0
Baking/oven 184 32.7
Red meat consumption (servings/week) >3 56 9.9
≤3 507 90.1
White meat consumption (servings/week) >3 50 8.9
≤3 513 91.1
Vegetable consumption (servings/week) >3 340 60.4
≤3 223 39.6
Pastry/dough consumption (servings/week) >3 111 19.7
≤3 452 80.3
Dairy consumption (servings/week) >3 409 72.6
≤3 154 27.4
Packaged food consumption (servings/week) >3 57 10.1
≤3 506 89.9
Sugary beverage consumption (servings/week) >3 86 15.3
≤3 477 84.7
Change in dietary habits in container city Became healthier 12 2.1
Remained the same 235 41.7
Became unhealthier 316 56.1
Effect of container city living on weight control Caused weight gain 215 38.2
Caused weight loss 134 23.8
No effect 214 38.0
Regular exercise Yes 91 16.2
No 472 83.8
Physical activity area availability Yes 207 36.8
No 356 63.2
Change in physical activity habits Decreased 195 34.6
Increased 70 12.4
Unchanged 298 52.9
Smoking status Yes 204 36.2
No 359 63.8
Alcohol use Yes 23 4.1
No 540 95.9