Table 2.
Basic demographic and clinical information about visually impaired attention (VIA) and visually normal attention (VNA) groups.
| Variable | VNA (n = 18) | VIA (n = 21) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (in years) | 62.61 ± 8.25 | 66 ± 6.91 | ns |
| Gender | ns | ||
| Male | 14 (78%) | 12 (57%) | |
| Female | 4 (22%) | 9 (43%) | |
| Education (in years) | 12.44 ± 3.7 | 11.43 ± 4.34 | ns |
| Disease duration (in years) | 10.33 ± 9.15 | 9.24 ± 4.85 | ns |
| LEDD (in mg) | 1166.42 ± 791.79 | 906.52 ± 331.24 | ns |
| H-Y (med-off) | 3 ± 0.77 | 3.38 ± 0.84 | ns |
| H-Y (med-on) | 2.33 ± 0.71 | 2.5 ± 0.47 | ns |
| Clinical improvement | 0.48 ± 0.19 | 0.48 ± 0.14 | ns |
| UPDRS-III (off) | 47.56 ± 15.96 | 50 ± 12.14 | ns |
| UPDRS-III (LF) | 46.39 ± 15.48 | 49.57 ± 12.19 | ns |
| UPDRS-III (HF) | 24.72 ± 13.4 | 26.19 ± 8.78 | ns |
| HAMA | 8.22 ± 6.71 | 14.19 ± 7.83 | 0.007 |
| HAMD | 7.5 ± 6.44 | 13.1 ± 7.45 | 0.006 |
| MMSE | 27.61 ± 1.69 | 25.05 ± 1.99 | <0.001 |
| MoCA | 25.67 ± 2.52 | 20.76 ± 2.49 | <0.001 |
Data above is provided as mean ± standard deviation or percentage of the full number of patients in the respective group. LEDD, levodopa-equivalent daily dose; H-Y, Hoehn and Yahr scale rating; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale; off, stimulation off; LF, low-frequency stimulation; HF, high-frequency stimulation; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; MMSE, the Mini Mental State Examination; MoCA, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment; ns, non-significant. The clinical improvement is calculated as [UPDRS-III (med-off) – UPDRS-III (med-on)] / UPDRS-III (med-off).