Table 2.

Primers used to detect antimicrobial resistance-associated genes.

Gene	Forward primer (5′–3′)	Reverse primer (5′–3′)	Product (bp)	Annealing temperature (°C)
blaKPC	GTCTAGTCTGCTGTCTTG	CTTGTCATCCTTGTTAGGCG	920	56
blaNDM	CTCTGTCACATCGAAATCGC	CACCTCATGTTGAATTCGCC	984	56
oprD	GCGCATCTCCAAGACCATG	GCCACGCGATTTGACGGAG	193	54
blaOXA-10	TCTTTCGAGTACGGCATTAGC	CCAATGATGCCCTCACCTTTCC	760	56
blaOXA-48	CATCAAGTTCAACCCAACCG	GCGTGGTTAAGGATGAACAC	942	56
blaVIM	ATTCCGGTCGGAGAGGTCG	GAGCAAGTCTAGACCGCCCG	633	56
blaIMP	CGGCCTCAGGAGAGTCTTT	AACCAGTTTGCTTTACCAT	587	56

All primer sequences were re-verified against the primary sources cited and confirmed in silico by NCBI Primer-BLAST against the corresponding reference sequences; predicted amplicon lengths correspond to those listed.