Fig. 3.

Quantitative evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant profiles for FLH versus SLH: (a) Total Phenolic Content (TPC), (b) Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), (c) ABTS radical quenching capacity, and (d) DPPH radical scavenging performance. Data comparisons were analyzed via Student's t-test, with levels of significance denoted as follows: **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant.