Table 3. Selected geometrical parameters (Å, °) for the three structural domains of fucoxanthin.
| Parameter/domain | fucoA | fucoB |
|---|---|---|
| Allenic cyclohexyl end group | ||
| Allene C=C | C1—C12 1.308 (3); C12—C13 1.314 (3) | C43—C54 1.300 (3); C54—C55 1.317 (3) |
| Allene angle | C1—C12—C13 177.3 (2) | C43—C54—C55 178.4 (2) |
| Acetoxy C—O /O—C/C=O | C4—O2 1.460 (3); O2—C8 1.352 (3); | C46—O8 1.468 (2); O8—C50 1.336 (3); |
| C8—O3 1.199 (3) | C50—O9 1.208 (3) | |
| Conjugated polyene/ketone segment | ||
| Mean formal C=C in polyene chain | 1.359; range 1.354–1.368 | 1.358; range 1.355–1.366 |
| Mean intervening C—C in polyene chain | 1.449; range 1.425–1.484 | 1.449; range 1.430–1.477 |
| Ketone C=O | C32—O4 1.222 (3) | C74—O10 1.219 (3) |
| Representative polyene torsion angles | C12—C13—C14—C16 177.9 (2); | C54—C55—C56—C58 −171.5 (2); |
| C13—C14—C16—C17 −179.3 (2); | C55—C56—C58—C59 176.8 (2); | |
| C16—C17—C18—C19 −177.0 (2); | C58—C59—C60—C61 177.5 (2); | |
| C21—C22—C23—C24 177.6 (2) | C63—C64—C65—C66 −175.7 (2) | |
| 5,6-Epoxy ionone end group | ||
| Epoxide C—O | C34—O5 1.461 (3); C35—O5 1.457 (3) | C76—O11 1.463 (3); C77—O11 1.453 (3) |
| Epoxide angle | C34—O5—C35 60.90 (14) | C76—O11—C77 60.85 (14) |
| Hydroxy C—O | C37—O6 1.430 (3) | C79—O12 1.428 (3) |
| Terminal-ring junction torsion angles | C30—C32—C33—C34 −163.4 (2); | C72—C74—C75—C76 −179.1 (2); |
| C32—C33—C34—C35 −77.8 (3); | C74—C75—C76—C77 −71.3 (3); | |
| C33—C34—C35—C36 153.8 (2) | C75—C76—C77—C78 153.2 (2) |
Note: formal C=C and intervening C—C averages were calculated from the crystallographically defined conjugated polyene segment, excluding the allene and the terminal saturated ring bonds.