Fig. 2.

Final supportive care pathway for sarcopenia prevention during definitive treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Note. The pathway integrates longitudinal care procedures across treatment-linked milestones and five supportive care domains: nutritional and immune management, exercise management, head and neck symptom cluster management, gastrointestinal symptom cluster management, and psycho-behavioural support. T0–T8 illustrate the local reference operationalisation of these treatment-linked milestones and may require adaptation to local treatment sequencing and clinical workflow. T0, baseline; T1, 12 ± 2 days after completion of induction chemotherapy; T2, first radiotherapy session; T3, seventh radiotherapy session; T4, 14th radiotherapy session; T5, 21st radiotherapy session; T6, 28th radiotherapy session; T7, end of definitive treatment; T8, 4 weeks post-treatment. MDT, multidisciplinary team; H&N, head and neck; GI, gastrointestinal