Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients Stratified by Preoperative Nutritional and Oral Functional Status.
| Variables | Group 1 (n=76) | Group 2 (n=54) | Group 3 (n=40) | Group 4 (n=30) | SMD | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 73 (69-77) | 79 (74-81) | 75 (70-81) | 76 (71-80) | 0.77 | <0.01 | |
| Sex: male, n (%) | 46 (60.5) | 29 (53.7) | 10 (25.0) | 20 (66.7) | 0.84 | <0.01 | |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 24.0 (22.1-25.9) | 23.5 (21.7-25.8) | 18.1 (16.7-20.1) | 19.1 (17.7-23.1) | 1.82 | <0.01 | |
| ASA-PS (1/2/3/4), n (%) | 1 (1.3)/68 (89.5)/6 (7.9)/1 (1.3) | 2 (3.7)/38 (70.4)/13 (24.1)/1 (1.9) | 0 (0)/30 (75.0)/10 (25.0)/0 (0) | 1 (3.3)/15 (50.0)/14 (46.7)/0 (0) | 0.99 | <0.01 | |
| Smoking (never/past/current), n (%) | 32 (42.1)/38 (50.0)/6 (7.9) | 24 (44.4)/24 (44.4)/6 (11.1) | 25 (62.5)/12 (30.0)/3 (7.5) | 9 (30.0)/14 (46.7)/7 (23.3) | 0.47 | 0.06 | |
| Surgical category, n (%) | 0.59 | 0.03 | |||||
| Gastroenterological surgery | 14 (18.4) | 11 (20.4) | 8 (20.0) | 10 (33.3) | |||
| Thoracic surgery | 13 (17.1) | 4 (7.4) | 3 (7.5) | 2 (6.7) | |||
| Urology | 13 (17.1) | 12 (22.2) | 6 (15.0) | 3 (10.0) | |||
| Orthopedics | 14 (18.4) | 14 (25.9) | 6 (15.0) | 3 (10.0) | |||
| Gynecology | 2 (2.6) | 5 (9.3) | 7 (17.5) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Other (plastic reconstructive, otolaryngology-head and neck surgery, cardiovascular, ophthalmology, breast, neurosurgery, and dermatology) | 20 (26.3) | 8 (14.8) | 10 (25.0) | 12 (40.0) | |||
| Operative time (min), median (IQR) | 161.5 (97.8-234.8) | 157.5 (111.5-258.8) | 144.5 (104.5-246.8) | 217.0 (190.8-354.8) | 0.69 | 0.03 | |
| Intraoperative blood loss (mL), median (IQR) | 26.0 (3.0-158.3) | 58.0 (8.0-165.0) | 27.5 (4.0-172.8) | 37.0 (10.3-165.0) | 0.22 | 0.68 | |
ASA-PS: American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status; BMI: body mass index; IQR: interquartile range; SMD: standardized mean difference.