Table 2.
Univariate Cox Regression Analyses for Overall and Relapse-Free Survival.
| Variables | Overall survival | Relapse-free survival | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-Value | HR (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
| Age at surgery (years) | 0.002* | 0.07 | |||
| ≤69 | 1 | 1 | |||
| ≥70 | 1.81 (1.25-2.63) | 1.33 (0.98-1.83) | |||
| Gender | 0.003* | 0.002* | |||
| Man | 1 | 1 | |||
| Woman | 0.60 (0.43-0.84) | 0.63 (0.47-0.85) | |||
| ASA-PS | <0.001* | 0.015* | |||
| 1-2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 3 | 1.94 (1.34-2.83) | 1.53 (1.09-2.15) | |||
| Main tumor location | 0.44 | 0.083 | |||
| Right-sided colon | 1 | 1 | |||
| Left-sided colon | 1.18 (0.80-1.75) | 1.36 (0.97-1.92) | |||
| Rectum | 1.29 (0.87-1.91) | 1.45 (1.02-2.06) | |||
| Main histology | 0.38 | 0.53 | |||
| Differentiated | 1 | 1 | |||
| Undifferentiated | 0.64 (0.24-1.74) | 0.78 (0.37-1.67) | |||
| Prior stoma creation | 0.12 | 0.016* | |||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | |||
| Present | 1.76 (0.86-3.59) | 2.06 (1.15-3.70) | |||
| Prior bridge-to-surgery intervention | 0.10 | 0.015* | |||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | |||
| Present | 1.98 (0.87-4.49) | 2.30 (1.18-4.50) | |||
| Emergency surgery | 0.038* | 0.053 | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 2.38 (1.05-5.41) | 2.02 (0.99-4.10) | |||
| Minimally invasive approach | 0.003* | <0.001* | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 0.55 (0.37-0.81) | 0.53 (0.38-0.75) | |||
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 0.72 | 0.22 | |||
| Absent | 1 | 1 | |||
| Present | 1.06 (0.76-1.49) | 1.20 (0.90-1.61) | |||
| pT category | 0.002* | <0.001* | |||
| T1-2 | 1 | 1 | |||
| T3-4 | 1.99 (1.29-3.06) | 1.94 (1.33-2.84) | |||
| pN category | <0.001* | <0.001* | |||
| N0 | 1 | 1 | |||
| N1-2 | 2.14 (1.55-2.96) | 2.37 (1.78-3.15) | |||
| Lymphovascular involvement | 0.002* | <0.001* | |||
| Negative | 1 | 1 | |||
| Positive | 1.76 (1.23-2.51) | 1.88 (1.37-2.58) | |||
| Preoperative tumor markers | <0.001* | <0.001* | |||
| Negative | 1 | 1 | |||
| Positive | 2.08 (1.50-2.87) | 2.31 (1.74-3.08) | |||
| Preoperative GPS | 0.005* | 0.020* | |||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 1 | 1.70 (1.16-2.49) | 1.49 (1.07-2.08) | |||
| 2 | 1.74 (1.11-2.71) | 1.53 (1.03-2.28) | |||
| Preoperative NUn score (trichotomous) | <0.001* | <0.001* | |||
| Low (≤5.60) | 1 | 1 | |||
| Intermediate (>5.60 to ≤7.12) | 1.84 (1.21-2.79) | 1.31 (0.92-1.86) | |||
| High (>7.12) | 3.08 (1.96-4.84) | 2.41 (1.66-3.51) | |||
| Preoperative NUn score (continuous) | <0.001* | <0.001* | |||
| +1-unit | 1.19 (1.08-1.29) | 1.18 (1.09-1.27) | |||
ASA-PS: American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status; CI: confidence interval; GPS: Glasgow prognostic score; HR hazard ratio; NUn: Noble and Underwood; pN: nodal status; pT: tumor depth.
*p < 0.05.