Table 4.
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis of Factors Associated with Depression in Women.
| Characteristics | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| 20-29 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 30-39 | 1.12 (0.80-1.56) | 1.00 (0.69-1.46) | 0.97 (0.64-1.47) | |
| 40-49 | 1.00 (0.70-1.42) | 0.81 (0.55-1.21) | 0.82 (0.53-1.28) | |
| ≥50 | 0.91 (0.60-1.40) | 0.85 (0.53-1.39) | 0.71 (0.41-1.23) | |
| Electronic device use at work (hours per day) | ||||
| <4 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 4-7 | 0.83 (0.63-1.10) | 0.75 (0.56-1.01) | 0.85 (0.61-1.17) | |
| ≥7 | 1.10 (0.80-1.50) | 1.14 (0.82-1.61) | 1.27 (0.88-1.83) | |
| Internet use in private life (hours per day) | ||||
| <2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 2-4 | 1.36 (1.03-1.81) | 1.44 (1.05-1.98) | 1.21 (0.86-1.71) | |
| ≥4 | 2.27 (1.43-3.63) | 2.71 (1.65-4.47) | 2.31 (1.32-4.05) | |
| Job class | ||||
| Low | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Intermediate | 0.99 (0.67-1.48) | 0.93 (0.61-1.43) | 0.87 (0.55-1.37) | |
| High | 0.93 (0.49-1.78) | 0.89 (0.44-1.79) | 0.80 (0.37-1.70) | |
| Overtime (hours per month) | ||||
| <30 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 30-45 | 1.53 (1.11-2.11) | 1.12 (0.79-1.59) | 1.18 (0.80-1.73) | |
| ≥45 | 1.68 (0.97-2.88) | 1.20 (0.67-2.15) | 1.23 (0.66-2.29) | |
| Job control | ||||
| High | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Intermediate | 1.42 (1.03-1.95) | 1.29 (0.92-1.82) | 1.16 (0.80-1.69) | |
| Low | 2.12 (1.55-2.92) | 2.04 (1.45-2.87) | 1.74 (1.21-2.52) | |
| Job demands | ||||
| Low | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Intermediate | 1.43 (1.07-1.92) | 1.08 (0.78-1.49) | 0.97 (0.69-1.38) | |
| High | 2.11 (1.57-2.85) | 1.42 (1.02-1.98) | 1.27 (0.88-1.82) | |
| Support at work | ||||
| High | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Intermediate | 1.63 (1.21-2.20) | 1.45 (1.05-2.01) | 1.43 (1.01-2.02) | |
| Low | 3.08 (2.25-4.23) | 2.48 (1.77-3.49) | 2.25 (1.56-3.25) | |
| Married | ||||
| No | NA | 2.03 (1.49-2.76) | 1.77 (1.26-2.48) | |
| Caregiving | ||||
| Yes | NA | 1.16 (0.85-1.59) | 1.23 (0.87-1.75) | |
| Work-to-family conflict | ||||
| Low | NA | Ref | Ref | |
| Intermediate | NA | 1.90 (1.24-2.90) | 1.49 (0.95-2.35) | |
| High | NA | 4.84 (3.12-7.51) | 3.61 (2.25-5.77) | |
| Family-to-work conflict | ||||
| Low | NA | Ref | Ref | |
| Intermediate | NA | 1.43 (1.01-2.03) | 1.44 (0.99-2.10) | |
| High | NA | 3.00 (2.13-4.23) | 2.74 (1.89-3.99) | |
| Heavy drinking | ||||
| Yes | NA | NA | 1.46 (0.77-2.78) | |
| Smoking | ||||
| Yes | NA | NA | 0.67 (0.21-2.15) | |
| Longstanding illness | ||||
| Yes | NA | NA | 0.92 (0.65-1.29) | |
| Poor sleep quality | ||||
| Yes | NA | NA | 4.19 (3.11-5.66) | |
| Sleep duration (hours per day) | ||||
| <6 | NA | NA | 0.80 (0.57-1.12) | |
| 6-9 | NA | NA | 1.00 | |
| ≥9 | NA | NA | 0.32 (0.04-2.75) | |
Notes: Correlations were evaluated simultaneously using multiple logistic regressions and expressed as ORs with 95% CIs; Model 1 is adjusted for age, internet use, and working environments; Model 2 is adjusted for age, internet use, working environments, and household characteristics (marital status, primary caregiver status, and work-family conflict); Model 3 is adjusted for age, internet use, working environments, household characteristics, and health risk behaviors and health status.
CI: confidence interval; NA: not applicable; OR: odds ratio.
Statistically significant values (p < 0.05) are shown in bold.