. 2026 Jul 10;9(5):1104–1113. doi: 10.31662/jmaj.2026-0093

Table 4.

Relations of Scores on the J-PCOS and its Shorter Versions with PGY.

Scale version	PGY1	PGY2	p Value^a
J-PCOS^b, mean (SD)	4.77 (0.99)	4.89 (0.99)	0.009
J-PCOS-8^b, mean (SD)	4.80 (1.00)	4.91 (0.99)	0.021
J-PCOS-4^b, mean (SD)	4.69 (1.07)	4.84 (1.05)	0.003
J-PCOS-2^b, mean (SD)	4.87 (1.05)	4.98 (1.08)	0.036

J-PCOS: Japanese version of the Patient Care Ownership Scale; J-PCOS-2: 2-item version of the J-PCOS; J-PCOS-4: 4-item version of the J-PCOS; J-PCOS-8: 8-item version of the J-PCOS; PGY: postgraduate year; SD: standard deviation.

^aIndependent t-test.

^bThe scores range from 1 to 7, with higher scores indicating greater patient care ownership.