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. 2026 Sep 22;16:1951597. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1951597

Figure 4.

Diagram illustrating platelet-derived vesicles transferring various RNAs, including MAGI2-AS3, ZFAS1, LINC00183, and lncRNA ROR, from early and multivesicular bodies to a tumor cell, modulating target proteins and pathways such as CADM2, TXNIP, HMGA2, ENO1, GDF15, and p53, thereby influencing tumor cell proliferation, migration, glycolysis, apoptosis, and drug resistance.

Proposed mechanisms of platelet lncRNAs in tumor cells. Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) may deliver MAGI2-AS3, ZFAS1, LINC00183, and lncRNA ROR into tumor cells. lncRNA ROR suppresses the p53 signaling pathway. MAGI2-AS3 regulates the miR-629-5p/TXNIP and miR-374a/b-5p/CADM2 axes. ZFAS1 regulates miR-150-5p/HMGA2 axis. LINC00183 bound to ENO1, prevented its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, enhanced glycolysis and lactate accumulation, induced H3K18 lactylation, and further promoted the transcriptional upregulation of GDF15. These mechanisms regulate tumor cell proliferation, tumor cell migration and invasion, tumor cell apoptosis, and drug resistance. Solid arrows indicate experimentally supported relationships, whereas dashed arrows indicate proposed or predicted relationships that have not yet been experimentally confirmed.