. 2026 Oct 6. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1039/d6ra07915f

Table 3. Antioxidant properties of the E. elaterium extracts^a.

Parts	Solvents	DPPH (mg TE per g)	ABTS (mg TE per g)	CUPRAC (mg TE per g)	FRAP (mg TE per g)	MCA (mg EDTAE per g)	PPM (mmol TE per g)
Aerial parts	EA	23.09 ± 0.97^cd	84.66 ± 1.58^e	74.25 ± 2.26^b	50.29 ± 0.48^b	20.32 ± 0.56^b	2.10 ± 0.09^a
	Acetone	26.97 ± 0.28^b	103.03 ± 2.13^d	101.28 ± 9.29^a	56.16 ± 5.34^a	17.37 ± 0.30^c	2.18 ± 0.08^a
	Acetone/water	38.70 ± 2.37^a	78.39 ± 2.47^f	37.48 ± 0.18^de	41.16 ± 1.41^c	7.43 ± 0.93^f	0.48 ± 0.13^ef
	Water	25.55 ± 1.38^bc	120.81 ± 1.70^c	33.31 ± 1.72^e	36.19 ± 0.88^cde	16.85 ± 0.20^c	0.02 ± 0.01^g
Fruit peels	EA	6.88 ± 0.53^f	67.50 ± 2.46^g	54.64 ± 1.93^c	39.69 ± 1.39^cd	1.68 ± 0.23^h	1.51 ± 0.03^bc
	Acetone	9.51 ± 1.80^ef	79.55 ± 1.09^ef	47.90 ± 2.36^c	37.42 ± 0.67^cde	9.79 ± 0.67^e	1.54 ± 0.14^bc
	Acetone/water	12.15 ± 0.59^e	41.39 ± 1.55^h	32.05 ± 0.78^e	32.80 ± 0.71^e	4.78 ± 0.29^g	0.33 ± 0.01^f
	Water	10.88 ± 0.89^e	63.39 ± 1.40^g	17.74 ± 0.10^f	23.75 ± 0.14^f	11.83 ± 0.12^d	0.54 ± 0.04^ef
Seeds	EA	na	4.04 ± 0.76ⁱ	54.90 ± 3.72^c	24.11 ± 0.23^f	20.85 ± 0.27^ab	1.34 ± 0.09^c
	Acetone	na	3.41 ± 0.96ⁱ	45.19 ± 2.88^cd	21.93 ± 0.68^f	16.01 ± 1.62^c	0.92 ± 0.05^d
	Acetone/water	22.31 ± 0.34^d	155.81 ± 2.62^a	54.79 ± 3.01^c	55.49 ± 2.47^ab	22.32 ± 0.05^a	1.66 ± 0.11^b
	Water	20.71 ± 0.46^d	127.64 ± 1.97^b	28.42 ± 0.36^e	34.83 ± 0.94^de	11.33 ± 0.17^de	0.59 ± 0.03^e

The values are reported as mean ± SD of three parallel measurements. PPM: phosphomolybdenum; MCA: metal chelating activity; TE: trolox equivalent: EDTAE: EDTA equivalent; and na: not active. Different letters indicate significant differences between the tested extracts (p < 0.05).

Table 3. Antioxidant properties of the E. elaterium extractsa.

Table 3. Antioxidant properties of the E. elaterium extracts^a.