Table 4. Enzyme inhibitory effects of the E. elaterium extractsa.
| Parts | Solvents | AChE (mg GALAE per g) | BChE (mg GALAE per g) | Tyrosinase (mg KAE per g) | Amylase (mmol ACAE per g) | Glucosidase (mmol ACAE per g) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerial parts | EA | 1.89 ± 0.19a | 4.63 ± 0.07a | 54.77 ± 3.75e | 0.96 ± 0.02a | na |
| Acetone | na | na | 65.95 ± 2.50a | 1.02 ± 0.07a | na | |
| Acetone/water | 0.66 ± 0.01d | 0.97 ± 0.07e | 61.70 ± 0.29abc | 0.29 ± 0.02e | na | |
| Water | na | 0.98 ± 0.07e | 47.10 ± 0.33f | 0.08 ± 0.01f | na | |
| Fruit peels | EA | 1.79 ± 0.15a | 2.55 ± 0.42cd | 59.54 ± 1.71cd | 0.65 ± 0.03b | 6.58 ± 0.09c |
| Acetone | 1.86 ± 0.10a | 3.37 ± 0.57bc | 61.50 ± 0.81bc | 0.60 ± 0.04bc | na | |
| Acetone/water | 0.98 ± 0.04c | 1.66 ± 0.15de | 59.41 ± 0.14cd | 0.30 ± 0.01e | na | |
| Water | na | 1.39 ± 0.13e | 37.20 ± 0.61g | 0.07 ± 0.01f | na | |
| Seeds | EA | 1.40 ± 0.05b | 3.28 ± 0.58bc | 55.56 ± 0.91de | 0.66 ± 0.03b | 5.66 ± 0.08d |
| Acetone | 1.66 ± 0.05a | 3.55 ± 0.56b | 57.08 ± 0.74de | 0.55 ± 0.03cd | 6.98 ± 0.30b | |
| Acetone/water | 1.84 ± 0.11a | 3.28 ± 0.34bc | 64.82 ± 0.21ab | 0.47 ± 0.01d | 7.54 ± 0.23a | |
| Water | 1.76 ± 0.02a | 2.82 ± 0.01bc | 42.98 ± 0.03f | 0.08 ± 0.01f | na |
a
The values are reported as mean ± SD of three parallel measurements. GALAE: galantamine equivalent; KAE: kojic acid equivalent; ACAE: acarbose equivalent; and na: not active. Different letters indicate significant differences between the tested extracts (p < 0.05).