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. 2026 Sep 22;41:103701. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2026.103701

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Validation of TNF-α-induced endothelial dysfunction in the biomimetic coronary artery equivalents. A) Representative immunofluorescence images showing ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in the control and TNF-α groups (scale bar: 100 μm). B) Quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity from (A). C) Relative mRNA expression levels of indicated adhesion molecules and inflammatory cytokines (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CX3CL1, CCL5, and MCP-1). D) Representative WB images and E) corresponding quantitative analysis of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin, IL-1β, and NF-κB signaling pathway proteins (p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65, p-IκB-α, and IκB-α).