Table 7.

Frequency of coded expressions/themes identified during thematic analysis

Theme	Code	Group 1 (f)	Group 2 (f)	Group 3 (f)
Theme 1: Visual access and clarity of the surgical field	Limited field of view	28	6	4
	Inability to see details	25	7	5
	Increased clarity with monitor/camera	3	21	34
Theme 2: Learning experience and educational contribution	Educational and productive experience	19	24	37
	Reinforcement of theoretical knowledge	14	22	29
	Ability to follow the steps of the process	12	20	33
Theme 3: Clinical Setting and Professional Awareness	Surgeon and patient communication	26	9	31
	Surgeon positioning and instrument use	23	8	28
	The professional contribution of the clinical atmosphere	21	7	30

Frequencies (f) represent the number of times the relevant code was mentioned at least once in participant statements and are not intended for quantitative generalization; they are presented to reflect the relative dominance of the themes