Extended Data Fig. 3. Single-cell transcriptomic atlases localize CSF proteomic programs.

(a) UMAP of the adult human brain single-nucleus RNA-sequencing atlas (approximately 3 million nuclei from 106 dissections and three donors)³⁰. Dashed outlines, broad neuronal populations. (b) Cell-type expression of CSF meta-programs (MP1–MP13), core classes (CC1–CC6), injury- and homeostasis-axis signatures, plasma-ingress and frank-blood signatures, and the sentinel proteins C5 and NRCAM. Fill, z-scored mean module scores, or z-scored expression for individual proteins; rows and columns were hierarchically clustered. (c) UMAP of the human fetal cell atlas (approximately 4 million cells across 15 organs)³¹. Dashed outlines, major lineage compartments. (d) Lineage-level expression of the same CSF feature sets, scaled and clustered as in b.