Table 3.
Subgroup analysis of pooled incidence of contrast-associated acute kidney injury following interventional radiology procedures.
| Subgroup category | Subgroup | No. of studies | Aggregate denominator (n)a | Pooled incidence (%) | 95% CI | I2 (%) | P-value for subgroup difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Procedure type | Neuroendovascular/carotid procedures | 18 | 13,541 | 5.48 | 4.05–7.09 | 90.5 | 0.0171 |
| Embolization/interventional oncology | 20 | 5,602 | 8.44 | 6.53–10.56 | 84.4 | ||
| Baseline renal function | CKD populations | 2 | 287 | 5.04 | 0.00–24.65 | 95.6 | 0.7921 |
| Non-CKD/mixed renal function populations | 36 | 18,856 | 7.04 | 5.80–8.38 | 89.3 | ||
| Definition of CA-AKI | Standardised criteria (KDIGO/AKIN/ICA/ESUR) | 14 | 9,341 | 5.67 | 4.10–7.47 | 85.3 | 0.1175 |
| Study-specific or CIN-based definitions | 24 | 9,802 | 7.76 | 5.89–9.87 | 91.1 |
Subgroup analyses were conducted using random-effects meta-analysis of proportions. P-values represent between-subgroup differences derived from subgroup comparison analyses. Definitions of CA-AKI were classified according to the original study-reported diagnostic criteria.
AKIN, Acute Kidney Injury Network; CA-AKI, contrast-associated acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; CIN, contrast-induced nephropathy; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ESUR, European Society of Urogenital Radiology; I2, Higgins inconsistency statistic; ICA, International Club of Ascites; KDIGO, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes.
Aggregate denominator represents the sum of the study-specific analytic denominators and may comprise patients, procedures, or treatment sessions according to the unit of analysis reported by the original studies; it should not be interpreted as the number of unique patients.