Table 2.
Subset of reported clinical evidence stratified by modality (chief complaints, symptoms reported during interview, and risk factors)a.
| Clinical evidence items | Total occurrencesb in conversational triage (n=16,357), n (%) | Total occurrences in traditional triage (n=100,533), n (%) | Between-group difference, absolute difference (relative difference)c | P valued | Cramér V effect size |
| Fatigue | 7868 (48.1) | 48,439 (48.2) | −0.1 (−0.2) | .86 | 0.001 |
| Nausea | 4658 (28.5) | 31,329 (31.2) | −2.7 (−8.6) | <.001 | 0.020 |
| Headache | 4465 (27.3) | 31,309 (31.1) | −3.8 (−12.3) | <.001 | 0.029 |
| Abdominal pain and tenderness | 4199 (25.7) | 30,044 (29.9) | −4.2 (−14.1) | <.001 | 0.032 |
| Diminished appetite | 3302 (20.2) | 21,625 (21.5) | −1.3 (−6.2) | <.001 | 0.011 |
| Anxiety states | 2533 (15.5) | 13,592 (13.5) | 2.0 (14.5) | <.001 | 0.020 |
| Dizziness | 2385 (14.6) | 16,186 (16.1) | −1.5 (−9.4) | <.001 | 0.014 |
| Bloating | 2257 (13.8) | 14,753 (14.7) | −0.9 (−6) | .007 | 0.009 |
| Dermatological changes | 2188 (13.4) | 10,661 (10.6) | 2.8 (26.1) | <.001 | 0.031 |
| History of a stressful situation | 2179 (13.3) | 963 (1) | 12.4 (1290.7) | <.001 | 0.265 |
| Reduced mobility of body parts | 2169 (13.3) | 17,658 (17.6) | −4.3 (−24.5) | <.001 | 0.040 |
| Sleep disturbances | 2030 (12.4) | 9979 (9.9) | 2.5 (25) | <.001 | 0.028 |
| Joint pain | 1992 (12.2) | 13,173 (13.1) | −0.9 (−7.1) | .002 | 0.010 |
| Fever | 1932 (11.8) | 12,119 (12.1) | −0.2 (−2) | .41 | 0.003 |
| Overweight and obesity | 1879 (11.5) | 27,729 (27.6) | −16.1 (−58.4) | <.001 | 0.128 |
| Trauma or stressor-related disturbance | 1702 (10.4) | 1728 (1.7) | 8.7 (505.2) | <.001 | 0.178 |
| Depressive symptoms | 1390 (8.5) | 6212 (6.2) | 2.3 (37.5) | <.001 | 0.033 |
| Suicidal thoughts or intent | 373 (2.3) | 2515 (2.5) | −0.22 (−8.8) | .12 | 0.005 |
aCounts are poststratification weighted frequencies rounded to the nearest integer; percentages are weighted proportions of the weighted group totals, which are calibrated to equal the unweighted sample sizes.
bTotal occurrences refers to the number of encounters in which the item was recorded at any point in the encounter—as a chief complaint, as evidence elicited during the interview, or as a risk factor—divided by the total encounters in that modality. These differ from the chief complaint frequencies reported in the text, which count only items reported as the initial (chief) complaint.
cAbsolute differences are expressed in percentage points, while relative differences are expressed in percentages.
dP values were calculated using the Rao-Scott chi-square test and adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate procedure.