Table 3.
Differences in Bienestar Outcome Values From Baseline to Follow-up Between Students in Control and Intervention Schools*
| Variable | Students, No. | Baseline Value, Mean (SD) | Follow-up Value, Mean (SD) | Crude Change | Adjusted Difference (95% Confidence Interval)† | PValue |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FCG, mg/dL‡ | ||||||
| Control | 713 | 89.47 (9.1) | 89.99 (9.7) | 0.52 | ||
| Intervention | 706 | 87.72 (8.3) | 87.53 (9.6) | −0.20 | −2.24 (−4.20 to −0.28) | .03 |
| Body fat, %ठ| ||||||
| Control | 602 | 26.79 (10.8) | 26.09 (10.9) | −0.71 | ||
| Intervention | 619 | 27.96 (11.5) | 26.86 (11.1) | −1.10 | 0.18 (−0.45 to 0.81) | .56 |
| Physical fitness score‡§|| | ||||||
| Control | 602 | 65.93 (12.6) | 65.20 (15.0) | −0.73 | ||
| Intervention | 619 | 63.90 (14.4) | 65.71 (13.8) | 1.81 | 1.87 (0.09 to 3.65) | .04 |
| Dietary fiber intake, g‡ | ||||||
| Control | 569 | 10.79 (4.8) | 10.65 (4.7) | −0.15 | ||
| Intervention | 581 | 11.15 (5.2) | 11.53 (4.7) | 0.38 | 0.99 (0.30 to 1.68) | .009 |
| Energy intake from saturated fat, % | ||||||
| Control | 569 | 38.01 (7.1) | 36.66 (6.8) | −1.35 | ||
| Intervention | 581 | 37.53 (7.5) | 35.97 (7.3) | −1.56 | −0.68 (−2.01 to 0.65) | .34 |
Abbreviation: FCG, fasting capillary glucose.
Sample sizes vary slightly for each regression equation owing to missing data.
Adjusted difference is the difference in change score in the intervention group compared with the control group after controlling for sex, ethnicity, age, height change, and baseline value of outcome measures (baseline total energy intake was adjusted for dietary fiber intake and percentage of energy intake from saturated fat) and school covariate(s).
Baseline values for outcome measures were allowed to vary at random.
Percentage of disadvantaged students in the school was retained as a school-level covariate.
The school’s performance rating level, based on the Texas Academic Assessment Systems, was retained as a school-level covariate.