Table 2.

Descriptive statistics, reliability, and convergent validity of the study constructs (N = 400).

Construct	No. of items	M	SD	Cronbach’s α	CR	AVE	Standardized loading range
GTE	6	3.64	0.77	0.817	0.853	0.492	0.646–0.751
PTE	8	3.81	0.61	0.753	0.799	0.335	0.472–0.643
OES	6	3.77	0.65	0.898	0.932	0.696	0.773–0.874
OMS	6	3.91	0.67	0.920	0.949	0.755	0.847–0.903
LES	5	3.99	0.54	0.756	0.804	0.452	0.605–0.755
LMS	5	3.73	0.78	0.758	0.779	0.415	0.585–0.726
CES	5	4.16	0.38	0.690	0.819	0.476	0.620–0.731
CMS	5	3.87	0.65	0.810	0.854	0.545	0.514–0.815

M, mean; SD, standard deviation; CR, composite reliability; AVE, average variance extracted. CR, AVE, and standardized factor loadings were calculated from the STDYX-standardized estimates of the eight-factor confirmatory factor analysis.