Table 2. Comparison of clinical outcomes between implant-based and pedicled TRAM flap breast reconstruction.
| Characteristics | Implant-based reconstruction (n=30) | Pedicled TRAM flap reconstruction (n=30) | Mean difference (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operative time (hours) | 2.45±0.83 | 4.78±0.77 | −2.33 (−2.75 to −1.91) | <0.001 |
| Blood loss (mL) | 135.83±69.38 | 331.67±207.81 | −195.84 (−280.15 to −111.52) | <0.001 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 7.76±2.27 | 9.33±6.62 | −1.57 (−4.09 to 0.95) | 0.22 |
| Postoperative pain score (0–10) | 4.80±1.03 | 7.23±1.04 | −2.43 (−2.95 to −1.91) | <0.001 |
| Total drainage volume (mL) | 367.83±261.44 | 479.40±169.61 | −111.57 (−225.46 to 2.33) | 0.055 |
| Complications | 6 (20.0) | 7 (23.3) | – | 0.75 |
| Hematoma | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3.3) | – | – |
| Skin or nipple-sparing necrosis | 1 (3.3) | 2 (6.7) | – | – |
| TRAM flap necrosis | 0 (0.0) | 4 (13.3) | – | – |
| Capsular contracture | 3 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | – | – |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). All statistical tests were two-sided, and a P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. CI, confidence interval; TRAM, transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous.