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. 2026 Aug 19;15(9):258. doi: 10.21037/gs-2026-0261

Table 3. Comparison of overall satisfaction scores between implant-based and pedicled TRAM flap breast reconstruction.

Satisfaction Implant-based reconstruction (n=30) Pedicled TRAM flap reconstruction (n=30) Mean difference (95% CI) P value
Overall satisfaction score (0–100 scale) 90.8±13.9 81.7±18.5 9.17 (0.71 to 17.62) 0.03
Likert scale categories
   5 (extremely satisfied) 20 (66.7) 13 (43.3) – –
   4 (very satisfied) 9 (30.0) 12 (40.0) – –
   3 (satisfied) 1 (3.3) 5 (16.7) – –
   2 (not satisfied) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) – –
   1 (extremely dissatisfied) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) – –

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). Satisfaction scores were assessed using a 5-point Likert scale and transformed to a 0–100 scale for analysis, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction. Mean differences represent implant-based reconstruction minus pedicled TRAM flap reconstruction. A two-sided P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. CI, confidence interval; TRAM, transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous.