Table 2.

Multivariable logistic regression analysis of factors associated with meeting the study-defined oral cancer knowledge, oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD) knowledge, and diagnostic confidence thresholds among dental students (n = 354).

	Met oral cancer knowledge threshold		Met OPMD knowledge threshold		Met diagnostic confidence threshold
Characteristics	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	p
Gender
Female	Reference		Reference		Reference
Male	1.02 (0.58–1.79)	0.944	1.05 (0.68–1.63)	0.815	1.82 (1.09–3.05)	0.022*
Study level
Intern	Reference		Reference		Reference
Undergraduate	0.39 (0.20–0.77)	0.007*	0.99 (0.61–1.59)	0.954	0.39 (0.23–0.67)	<0.001*
University type
Governmental	Reference		Reference		Reference
Private	0.35 (0.19–0.66)	0.001*	1.25 (0.74–2.14)	0.408	1.45 (0.80–2.64)	0.221

OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; OPMD, oral potentially malignant disorder.

Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable binary logistic regression models. Each outcome denotes meeting the study-defined minimum threshold (≥8/12 [66.7%] for oral cancer knowledge, ≥9/14 [64.3%] for OPMD knowledge, and ≥3/4 [75.0%] favorable self-reported responses for diagnostic confidence), not a “good” performance or clinical-competence category. Asterisk denotes statistical significance (p < 0.05).