| AGEs | Advanced glycation end products |
| LAB | Lactic acid bacteria |
| GRAS | Generally recognized as safe |
| CML | Carboxymethyl lysine |
| CEL | Carboxyethyl lysine |
| PBS | Phosphate-buffered saline |
| MRS | Man–Rogosa–Sharpe |
| OD600 | optical density at 600 nm |
| eggNOG | Evolutionary Eenealogy of Genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups |
| GO | Gene Ontology |
| KEGG | Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes |
| CAZymes | Carbohydrate-active enzymes |
| PHI-base | Pathogen–Host Interaction database |
| CLSM | Confocal laser scanning microscopy |
| FITC | Fluorescein isothiocyanate |
| FTIR | Fourier-transform infrared |
| SEM | standard error of the mean |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| GH | Glycoside hydrolases |
| GT | Glycosyl transferases |
| CE | Carbohydrate esterases |
| CBM | Carbohydrate-binding modules |
| AA | Auxiliary activities |
| PL | Polysaccharide lyases |