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. 2026 Sep 22;15(19):3364. doi: 10.3390/foods15193364
ADPN Adiponectin
ANOVA Analysis of variance
AUC Area under the curve
CAT Catalase
CAZymes Carbohydrate-active enzymes
COSY Correlation spectroscopy
DB Degree of branching
DM Degree of methyl-esterification
DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
DTP Dancong tea polysaccharide
eWAT Epididymal white adipose tissue
F/B Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio
FBG Fasting blood glucose
FINS Fasting insulin
GalA Galacturonic acid
GC-MS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
GSH-Px Glutathione peroxidase
HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
HFD High-fat diet
HG Homogalacturonan
HOMA-IR Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance
HPAEC-PAD High-performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection
HPGPC High-performance gel permeation chromatography
HSQC Heteronuclear single quantum coherence
iBAT Interscapular brown adipose tissue
IL Interleukin
iWAT Inguinal white adipose tissue
LDA Linear discriminant analysis
LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
LEfSe Linear discriminant analysis effect size
LEP Leptin
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MDA Malondialdehyde
MWCO Molecular weight cutoff
NAFLD Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
NMDS Non-metric multidimensional scaling
NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance
OGTT Oral glucose tolerance test
PCoA Principal coordinates analysis
PMAA Partially methylated alditol acetate
PULs Polysaccharide utilization loci
RG-I Rhamnogalacturonan-I
SEM Standard error of the mean
SOD Superoxide dismutase
sWAT Subcutaneous white adipose tissue
T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus
TC Total cholesterol
TFA Trifluoroacetic acid
TG Triglycerides
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor-α
TOCSY Total correlation spectroscopy