| 3-NPA | 3-Nitropropanoic acid |
| ACN | Acetonitrile |
| ER | Extraction recovery |
| EY | Extraction yield |
| HILIC | Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography |
| HLB | Hydrophilic–lipophilic balance |
| LOD | Limit of detection |
| LOQ | Limit of quantification |
| MAX | Mixed strong anion exchange |
| MCX | Mixed strong cation exchange |
| MeOH | Methanol |
| ME | Matrix effect |
| MSPE | Magnetic solid-phase extraction |
| NH4OH | Ammonium hydroxide |
| PSA | Primary secondary amine |
| RR | Relative recovery |
| RSD | Relative standard deviation |
| SPE | Solid-phase extraction |
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