iPSCs	Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
ALS	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
SCs	Stem Cells
ESCs	Embryonic Stem Cells
Oct4	Octamer-binding Transcription factor 4
Sox2	Sex-Determining Region Y-Box transcription factor 2
Klf4	Krüppel-like factor 4
CNS	Central Nervous System
PD	Parkinson’s Disease
3D	Three-Dimensional
sc/snRNAseq	Single-cell/single-nucleus RNA-sequencing
2D	Two-Dimensional
AGIIR	Genome Induced Immune Response
CRISPR	Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
Cas	CRISPR-associated protein
MNDs	Motor Neuron Diseases
UMNs	Upper Motor Neurons
LMNs	Lower Motor Neurons
PLS	Primary Lateral Sclerosis
PMA	Progressive Muscular Atrophy
SMA	Spinal Muscular Atrophy
sALS	Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
fALS	Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
SOD1	Superoxide Dismutase 1
C9ORF72	Chromosome 9 Open Reading Frame 72
TARDBP	Trans-Activation Response DNA Binding Protein
TDP-43	TAR DNA Binding Protein 43
FUS	Fused in Sarcoma
VCP	Valosin-Containing Protein
HB9	Homeobox 9
MNX1	Motor Neuron and pancreas Homeobox 1
RA	Retinoic Acid
SHH	Sonic Hedgehog
OLIG2	Oligodendrocyte Transcription Factor 2
ISL1/2	Insulin Gene Enhancer 1 and 2
ChAT	Choline Acetyltransferase
NEPs	Neural Progenitors
MNPs	Motor Neuron Progenitors
VEN	von Economo Neuron
FTD	Frontotemporal Dementia
PET	Positron Emission Tomography
TSPO	Translocator Protein
K+	Potassium
EAAT1/2	Excitatory Amino Acid Transporters 1 and 2
BBB	Blood–Brain Barrier
Ca2+	Calcium
GFAP	Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein
GLT-1	Glutamate Transporter 1
ROS	Reactive Oxygen Species
CuATSM	(SP-4-2)-[[2,2’-(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediylidene)bis[N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamidato-κN2,κS]](2-)]-copper
FOXP1	Forkhead box protein P1
LINC	Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton
SC-chip	Spinal cord chip
PHOX2B	Paired-Like Homeobox 2B
ASCs	Adult Stem Cells
ICM	Inner Cell Mass