| ACE | angiotensin-converting enzyme |
| ACM | atrial cardiomyopathy |
| AF | atrial fibrillation |
| AHA | American Heart Association |
| ARBs | angiotensin II receptor blockers |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CKM | cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic |
| CMR | cardiac magnetic resonance |
| EACVI | European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging |
| ECG | electrocardiogram |
| eGFR | estimated glomerular filtration rate |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| ESC | European Society of Cardiology |
| FGF-23 | fibroblast growth factor 23 |
| GLP-1 | glucagon-like peptide-1 |
| HbA1c | glycated hemoglobin |
| HFA | Heart Failure Association |
| HFpEF | heart failure with preserved ejection fraction |
| LA | left atrium/left atrial |
| LAScd | left atrial conduit strain |
| LASct | left atrial contractile strain |
| LASr | left atrial reservoir strain |
| LAVI | left atrial volume index |
| LGE | late gadolinium enhancement |
| LV | left ventricle/left ventricular |
| MR-proANP | mid-regional pro-atrial natriuretic peptide |
| NT-proBNP | N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide |
| RV | right ventricle/right ventricular |
| SGLT2 | sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 |
| STROBE | Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology |
| TAPSE | tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion |
| VIF | variance inflation factor |