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. 2026 Sep 28;27(19):8681. doi: 10.3390/ijms27198681
AD Alzheimer’s disease
HMGB1 High mobility group box 1
DAMP Damage-associated molecular pattern
APP Amyloid precursor protein
PS1 Presenilin 1
Aβ Amyloid-β
TLR Toll-like receptor
RAGE Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products
NLSs Nuclear localization signals
CXCR4 C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4
MARCKS Myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate
MCI Mild cognitive impairment
FTD Frontotemporal Dementia
TREM2 Triggering receptor expression on myeloid cells 2
CSF Cerebrospinal fluid
PrxI/II Peroxiredoxins I and II
SIRT1 Sirtuin1
HAT Histone acetyltransferase
HDAC Histone deacetylase
NOD2 Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
CD11b Cluster of Differentiation 11b
TIM-3 T-cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin domain-containing protein 3
SASP Senescence-associated secretory phenotype
MMP-3 Matrix Metalloproteinase-3
ICM Intra-cisterna magna
SOD2 Superoxide Dismutase 2
M-CSF Macrophage colony-stimulating factor
NEP Neprilysin
IDE Insulin-degrading enzyme
tPA Tissue-type plasminogen activator
AQP4 Aquaporin-4
PIP2 Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate