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. 2026 Sep 30;27(19):8775. doi: 10.3390/ijms27198775
ATG autophagy-related gene/protein
BNIP3 BCL2 interacting protein 3
cGAS cyclic GMP–AMP synthase
FUNDC1 FUN14 domain-containing protein 1
GABARAP GABA type A receptor-associated protein
ICB immune checkpoint blockade
LC3 microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3
MHC-I major histocompatibility complex class I
mtDNA mitochondrial DNA
NIX BCL2 interacting protein 3-like
NK natural killer
PD-1 programmed cell death protein 1
PD-L1 programmed death-ligand 1
PINK1 PTEN-induced kinase 1
ROS reactive oxygen species
STING stimulator of interferon genes
TEM transmission electron microscopy
TME tumor microenvironment
PARP1 poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1
PARPi poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor
TEX264 testis-expressed protein 264
VCP valosin-containing protein