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. 2026 Sep 23;27(19):8496. doi: 10.3390/ijms27198496
ACh Acetylcholine
ADAMTS A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs
BMAc Bone marrow aspirate concentrate
CAP Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
ChAT Choline acetyltransferase
CIA Collagen-induced arthritis
CRP C-reactive protein
ECM Extracellular matrix
FLS Fibroblast-like synoviocytes
HMGB1 High-mobility group box protein 1
HRV Heart rate variability
IGF-1 Insulin-like growth factor 1
IL Interleukin
iVNS Implantable vagus nerve stimulation
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MMP Matrix metalloproteinase
MSC Mesenchymal stromal cell
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa B
NLRP3 NOD-like receptor protein 3 (inflammasome)
OA Osteoarthritis
OPG Osteoprotegerin
PDGF Platelet-derived growth factor
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
PRP Platelet-rich plasma
RA Rheumatoid arthritis
RANKL Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand
taVNS Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
TGF-β Transforming growth factor beta
TNF-α Tumor necrosis factor alpha
tVNS Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation
VAChT Vesicular acetylcholine transporter
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
VNS Vagus nerve stimulation
α7nAChR Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor