Abbreviation	Full Term
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ASM	antiseizure medication
ALCAR	acetyl-L-carnitine
APP	amyloid precursor protein
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CAT	catalase
CK	creatine kinase
CoQ10	coenzyme Q10
CSF	cerebrospinal fluid
DRE	drug-resistant epilepsy
ES	epileptic seizures
GFAP	glial fibrillary acidic protein
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
GSH	glutathione
GTCS	generalized tonic–clonic seizures
HS	hippocampal sclerosis
IFN-γ	interferon-γ
LDH	lactate dehydrogenase
MDA	malondialdehyde
MMP-9	matrix metalloproteinase-9
MOGAD	myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
MTLE	mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
NAC	N-acetylcysteine
NfL	neurofilament light chain
NSE	neuron-specific enolase
OS	oxidative stress
PNES	psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
PRL	prolactin
PTX3	pentraxin-3
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SOD	superoxide dismutase
SUDEP	sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
TBI	traumatic brain injury
TLE	temporal lobe epilepsy
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
TSC	tuberous sclerosis complex
UCH-L1	ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1
α-Syn	α-synuclein