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. 2026 Sep 28;27(19):8658. doi: 10.3390/ijms27198658
HFHS High-fat and high-sucrose
CF Cardiac fibrosis
AGEs Advanced glycation end products
EA Ellagic acid
CVDs Cardiovascular diseases
RAGE Receptor for AGEs
ECM Extracellular matrix
ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations
OGTT Oral glucose tolerance test
FBG Fasting blood glucose
AUC Area under the curve
HOMA-IR Homeostatic model of insulin resistance
DEXA Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry
Col1α collagen type I alpha
α-SMA α-smooth muscle actin
CML Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine
MGO Methylglyoxal
MDA Malondialdehyde
NF-κB nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
p-NF-κB Phospho NF-κB
DAPI 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole