| HFHS | High-fat and high-sucrose |
| CF | Cardiac fibrosis |
| AGEs | Advanced glycation end products |
| EA | Ellagic acid |
| CVDs | Cardiovascular diseases |
| RAGE | Receptor for AGEs |
| ECM | Extracellular matrix |
| ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
| OGTT | Oral glucose tolerance test |
| FBG | Fasting blood glucose |
| AUC | Area under the curve |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic model of insulin resistance |
| DEXA | Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry |
| Col1α | collagen type I alpha |
| α-SMA | α-smooth muscle actin |
| CML | Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine |
| MGO | Methylglyoxal |
| MDA | Malondialdehyde |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| p-NF-κB | Phospho NF-κB |
| DAPI | 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole |