Abbreviation	Definition
A549	Human alveolar epithelial cell line
ABPA	Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
ABPA-CB	ABPA with central bronchiectasis
ABPM	Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis
AFAD	Allergic fungal airway disease
AHR	Airway hyperresponsiveness
APC	Antigen-presenting cell
ASM	Airway smooth muscle
ATLANTIS	Assessment of Small Airways Involvement in Asthma
BAL	Bronchoalveolar lavage
BALB/c	Inbred laboratory mouse strain
BEAS-2B	Human bronchial epithelial cell line
BUPAS	Belarus, Ukraine, Poland Asthma Study
CARD9	Caspase recruitment domain–containing protein 9
CASCADE	Mechanistic biopsy substudy of tezepelumab in asthma
CF	Cystic fibrosis
CHIT1	Chitotriosidase 1 gene
CI	Confidence interval
CLCA1	Calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1
CLEC7A	C-type lectin domain containing 7A (encodes Dectin-1)
CLR	C-type lectin receptor
co-stim	Co-stimulatory signal
CO2	Carbon dioxide
COPD	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
CRD	Component-resolved diagnostics
DALY	Disability-adjusted life year
DC/DCs	Dendritic cell/dendritic cells
Dectin-1/Dectin-2	Dendritic cell–associated C-type lectin receptors 1 and 2
DESTINATION	Long-term extension study of tezepelumab
DH	Dehydrogenase
diHOME	Dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid
EAACI	European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
ECAP	Epidemiology of Allergic Diseases in Poland
ECM	Extracellular matrix
ECP	Eosinophil cationic protein
ECRHS	European Community Respiratory Health Survey
EDN	Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin
ELISA	Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EMA	European Medicines Agency
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
EPO	Eosinophil peroxidase
EVITA3	Voriconazole in Aspergillus fumigatus–associated asthma trial
FAST	Fungal Asthma Sensitization Trial (itraconazole)
FcεRI	High-affinity immunoglobulin E receptor
FDA	U.S. Food and Drug Administration
FeNO	Fractional exhaled nitric oxide
FEV1	Forced expiratory volume in 1 s
FLG	Filaggrin gene
FUT2	α(1,2)-fucosyltransferase 2 gene/secretor status
FVC	Forced vital capacity
GAN	Global Asthma Network
GATA3	GATA-binding protein 3
GBD	Global Burden of Disease
GBMI	Global Biobank Meta-analysis Initiative
GC	Germinal center
GINA	Global Initiative for Asthma
GM-CSF	Granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor
GWAS	Genome-wide association study
Hev b 9	Hevea brasiliensis enolase (latex allergen)
HLA-DRB1	Human leukocyte antigen DR beta 1
Hsp 90	Heat shock protein 90
HVAC	Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
ICS	Inhaled corticosteroids
ICS/LABA	Inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combination
IFN-γ	Interferon-gamma
IgA	Immunoglobulin A
IgE	Immunoglobulin E
IgG	Immunoglobulin G
IL	Interleukin
IL-1β	Interleukin 1 beta
IL-4	Interleukin 4
IL-4Rα	Interleukin-4 receptor alpha chain
IL-5	Interleukin 5
IL-5R	Interleukin-5 receptor
IL-6	Interleukin 6
IL-8	Interleukin 8
IL-9	Interleukin 9
IL-13	Interleukin 13
IL-17A	Interleukin 17A
IL-17F	Interleukin 17F
IL-22	Interleukin 22
IL-23	Interleukin 23
IL-25	Interleukin 25
IL-25R	Interleukin-25 receptor
IL-33	Interleukin 33
IL-36	Interleukin 36
ILC2	Group 2 innate lymphoid cell
ISAAC	International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood
ISHAM	International Society for Human and Animal Mycology
ISU	ISAC standardized units
IUIS	International Union of Immunological Societies
LABA	Long-acting β2-agonist
LAMA	Long-acting muscarinic antagonist
LC-MS/MS	Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
MAPCAH	Melbourne Air Pollen Children and Adolescent Health
MART	Maintenance and reliever therapy
MBP	Major basic protein
MHC-II	Major histocompatibility complex class II
Mincle	Macrophage-inducible C-type lectin
Mn-SOD	Manganese superoxide dismutase
MUC5AC	Mucin 5AC
MΦ	Macrophage
NAVIGATOR	Phase 3 trial of tezepelumab in severe, uncontrolled asthma
NCN	Polish National Science Centre (Narodowe Centrum Nauki)
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NHBE	Normal human bronchial epithelial cells
NLR	NOD-like receptor
OCS	Oral corticosteroids
ORMDL3	ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3
OVA	Ovalbumin
P2	Ribosomal P2 protein
PAMP	Pathogen-associated molecular pattern
PAR-2	Protease-activated receptor 2
PGE2	Prostaglandin E2
PMSEAD	The Polish Multicentre Study of Epidemiology of Allergic Diseases
PPIs	Proton-pump inhibitors
PRR	Pattern-recognition receptor
PRS	Polygenic risk score
RNase	Ribonuclease
RORγt	Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor gamma t
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SABA	Short-acting β2-agonist
SAFS	Severe asthma with fungal sensitization
SAMA	Short-acting muscarinic antagonist
SDI	Socio-demographic index
SFTPA2	Surfactant protein A 2
sIgE	Allergen-specific IgE
SMC	Smooth muscle cell
SNP	Single-nucleotide polymorphism
SP-A/SP-D	Surfactant protein A/D
SPT	Skin prick test
ST2	Suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (IL-33 receptor)
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
Syk	Spleen tyrosine kinase
TAGC	Trans-National Asthma Genetic Consortium
TEER	Transepithelial electrical resistance
Tfh	T follicular helper cell
Tfh13	IL-13-producing T follicular helper cell
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor beta
Th1	T-helper cell type 1
Th2	T-helper cell type 2
Th17	T-helper cell type 17
TLR	Toll-like receptor
TLR2	Toll-like receptor 2
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
Treg	Regulatory T cell
Trx	Thioredoxin
TSLP	Thymic stromal lymphopoietin
TSLPR	Thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor
U-BIOPRED	Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
WGA-FITC	Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate
WHO	World Health Organization