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. 2026 Sep 22;27(19):8439. doi: 10.3390/ijms27198439
ABC ATP-binding cassette
ABA abscisic acid
CAT catalase
DCW dry cell weight
DEG differentially expressed gene
ETR electron-transport rate
EPS exopolysaccharides
Fv/Fm maximum quantum yield of photosystem II
JA jasmonic acid
LSCM laser-scanning confocal microscopy
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
MDA malondialdehyde
OD optical density
PCA principal component analysis
PEG-6000 polyethylene glycol 6000
Pro proline
qRT-PCR quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
SEM scanning electron microscopy
SOD superoxide dismutase
TEM transmission electron microscopy
ΦPSII effective quantum yield of photosystem II
Y(NO) non-regulated non-photochemical-dissipation yield